Blog · Play Therapy

EMDR for Children and Adults: How the Brain Heals

Many children and adults carry emotional experiences that feel too big, too intense, or too confusing to process on their own. Stressful events, moments of fear, early-life challenges, sudden changes, or ongoing pressures can overwhelm the nervous system.

Over time, these unprocessed experiences can show up as anxiety, emotional reactivity, sleep difficulties, avoidance, or a general sense of being “on alert.”

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is an evidence-based psychotherapy approach that helps the brain reorganise and heal these experiences, often more gently and efficiently than traditional talking therapy alone.


What Is EMDR?

EMDR is a structured therapy that uses bilateral stimulation, such as left-right eye movement, or bilateral tapping or sounds, those are use to activate the brain’s natural healing capacity.

When we experience something overwhelming, the brain can store the memory in a raw, unprocessed form. These memories remain “stuck,” and the body reacts as if the danger is still happening, even when the event is long over.

EMDR helps the brain process the memory more effectively, so it becomes less emotionally charged and less disruptive.

People do not forget what happened, but the memory becomes less painful, and the emotional part around it is more manageable. 


How EMDR Helps Adults

Adults often come to EMDR when they:

  • Feel “triggered” by reminders of past events
  • Struggle with anxiety, panic, or chronic stress
  • Carry early childhood experiences that still affect them
  • Experience relationship patterns they want to change
  • Feel stuck despite previous therapy
  • Have been through trauma, medical events, grief, or sudden life changes

EMDR enables the adult brain to process old emotional wounds in a safe, grounded way. Clients often report feeling lighter, calmer, and more present, with increased resilience and emotional flexibility.


How EMDR Helps Children

Children may not always have the words to explain what they feel, and sometimes they don’t need to; we can see when something goes wrong. EMDR is highly effective with children because it taps into their natural processing of experiences: sensation, imagery, and emotion.

EMDR can help children who are dealing with:

  • Anxiety and Fears
  • Sleep problems or nightmares
  • Stress at school
  • Separation difficulties
  • Bullying
  • Loss, transitions, or family changes
  • Traumatic events – both big and small, such as DV, divorce and separation, medical or dental, grief and loss, and more. 

After EMDR sessions, parents often notice positive changes, such as improved regulation, reduced fears, better sleep, and increased confidence.


What EMDR Sessions Look Like

Whether with a child or an adult, EMDR begins with safety and regulation.
We build the inner tools needed for grounding, emotional understanding, and connection. Only when a sense of stability is established do we begin the reprocessing stages.

Bilateral stimulation helps the brain process the memory and move it from “stuck” to “processed”. However, it is only one component of the EMDR approach. 

EMDR also includes identifying negative cognitions, feelings, and physical sensations that the client may have; those will be processed as part of the holistic EMDR approach, alongside building safety, enabling positive cognitive, and increasing trust and self-esteem. 


Where Play Therapy Connects — For Children

For children, EMDR often naturally weaves into the language of childhood: play.
Through drawing, storytelling, sand trays, pretend play, or movement, the child expresses their feelings. Playful EMDR supports the brain processing the big events and reorganize the emotional material to become less triggering and the little person will be better regulated.

This combination allows healing to happen in a developmentally appropriate, regulated, and deeply supportive way.

Blog · Play Therapy

Sand in the Play Room

The Play Therapy method uses a variety of tools to allow children to express themselves; Sandplay is one of these tools.
In this blog, I will explain what is Sandplay, the history and some of Sandplay’s principles and practice, as being used in Play Therapy.

History
Sand, earth and water are ancient elements of our world and universally part of our experience since childhood.

Sand-play is a form of therapy that gives both child and adult clients the opportunity to portray non-verbal feelings and experiences often inaccessible and/or difficult to express in words. The client (child or adult) uses a blue-bottom tray and a variety of miniatures elements.

Dora Kalff (1904-1990) formulated Sand-play therapy; she based her method on Jungian ideas as well as on Margaret Lowenfeld’s work (1890-1973).

Kalff’s vision was to allow the client a “free and protected space” to create a sand world using miniature figurines and images while creating a trustful therapeutic relationship.

Principles and Practice

By using symbols and objects, the client builds, expresses and explores his or hers inner-world in a symbolic way. Kalff supported the notion that the therapist should be attuned to the client during the creation of the sand tray as part of client’s process and healing.

From a neuroscience perspective, researchers show that touching sand triggers certain brain activities; this sensation travels in the brain and produces a tactile input ( the same feeling that we feel while walking on a beach sand). As the therapist stay attuned to the client during the creation in the sand tray, the client’s inner-world (which is presented in the tray), meets positive feelings, such as empathy and kindness, in a safe space. Such a positive experience fosters carrying-out new inputs into the brain; a new sensation is being released with positive hormones and healing starts.

Moreover, using symbols to act out events and experiences can promote deeply the right-brain usage, which houses feelings and emotions, and brings them to the surface.

In Therapeutic Play (or Play Therapy), the child can choose which mediums he or she wants to play in each session: Art, Music, Clay, Movement, Drama or Sand. For sand-play, usually, there are two options: dry or wet; water can be added to the wet sand tray according to the child’s decision.

There are many figurines and symbols the child can choose from in order to play out and present his world and experiences, for example, cars and animals, stones, shells, sea creatures and insects, magical figures and superheroes to spiritual images and domestic play with houses and furniture.

In the Play Therapy method, the child is given the space to use the miniatures in any way he wants (as long as it is safe), no words are required as a must, and the child will lead the play. This allows any child (or adult) to use Sand-play therapy, no prerequisite is needed, and there are no constraints of language or “art” abilities.

The therapist’s primary goal is to give the child the confidence to express his needs without being directed by an adult, as this can miss-out the point of self-expressing and exploration of the child’s world.

However, the therapist may take an active role in the child’s play according to the child’s needs and his lead. The therapist will be curious about the child’s creation in an unthreatening way and might explore it with him (if appropriate). In any case, the therapist must give the time to the child to re-act the events he needs and will support the child to find his inner strength.

To summarise, sand-play is a rich and versatile tool. The creator can change its shape and structure, as well as use external symbols to express his inner world. Furthermore, playing with sand is a primitive experience; hence it can promote an integrative connection of body and mind.

The next time you and your child is at the beach or playground with sandpit, we can all use sand to express ourselves!